Debunking Breast Imaging Myths: Essential Facts for Women's Health

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, prompting the need for increased awareness and early detection strategies. Despite advancements in breast imaging technology, numerous myths persist, leading to unnecessary fears and delays in screening. This article aims to clarify these misconceptions, highlighting the importance of accurate information to improve health outcomes.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer accounts for 25% of all cancer cases in women globally, making it critical for women to engage in regular screenings. Early detection, particularly at Stage 1, offers a five-year survival rate exceeding 98%, significantly higher than the mere 27% for Stage 4 diagnoses (WHO, 2021). This stark contrast underscores the necessity for women to prioritize breast health and screening.

Dr. Namrata Singal Sawant, Director and Senior Breast & Women’s Imaging Consultant at Vcare Imaging and Diagnostic Centre in Mumbai, addresses several common myths that contribute to screening hesitance.

**Myth 1: Mammography is Extremely Painful** The perception of severe pain during a mammogram is often exaggerated. Current technologies, such as Full Field Digital Mammography (FFDM), utilize Fit Sweep Paddles designed to minimize discomfort by applying pressure primarily near the nipple, thus reducing pain levels. According to Dr. Sawant, many women report feeling only pressure during the procedure, which lasts just a few minutes (Sawant, 2025).

**Myth 2: Mammography Radiation Causes Cancer** A prevalent concern surrounding mammography is the fear of radiation exposure. However, Dr. Sawant emphasizes that the radiation dose from a mammogram is remarkably low, approximately 0.4 mSv per exam, which is less than the radiation experienced during a transatlantic flight. The consensus among medical authorities, including the American Cancer Society, is that the benefits of early cancer detection far outweigh the minimal radiation risks (American Cancer Society, 2023).

**Myth 3: Ultrasound Alone is Sufficient for Breast Screening** While ultrasound is a valuable tool, it is not a substitute for mammography. Dr. Sawant explains that mammography is superior in detecting microcalcifications and architectural distortions, which are crucial early indicators of breast cancer (Sawant, 2025). Ultrasound complements mammography, particularly in women with dense breast tissue, by helping to characterize existing lumps and cysts.

**Myth 4: Ultrasound Involves Radiation** Contrary to popular belief, ultrasound uses sound waves, posing no radiation risk. It is deemed safe for all patients, including pregnant women, and is a common practice in prenatal care (National Cancer Institute, 2023).

**Myth 5: A Prescription is Required for a Screening Mammogram** Many women are unaware that they do not need a doctor's prescription to schedule a routine screening mammogram. Many imaging centers allow for self-scheduling, although having prior imaging reports can aid radiologists in making more accurate assessments (Sawant, 2025).

**Myth 6: No Pain Means No Problem** Breast cancer can often develop without any pain, particularly in its early stages. Dr. Sawant advises that any new lump or change in breast tissue should be assessed by a healthcare professional, regardless of whether it is painful (Sawant, 2025).

**Myth 7: No Lump Means No Need for a Mammogram** It is crucial to note that breast cancer may exist without forming a palpable lump. Mammograms can detect tumors as small as 0.5 cm, which are often undetectable through physical examination, especially in women with denser breast tissue (American College of Radiology, 2022).

**Myth 8: Mammography is Unsafe for Young Women** While mammography is typically not the first imaging choice for women under 30, it is not unsafe. In cases of breast symptoms, ultrasound is usually the initial imaging method due to dense breast tissue; however, if abnormalities are detected, mammography or MRI may be warranted (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2023).

**Myth 9: Men Don’t Need Mammograms** Although rare, breast cancer can occur in men, constituting 1–2% of all cases in India. Awareness surrounding male breast cancer is low, leading to late diagnoses. Dr. Sawant encourages men experiencing symptoms such as lumps or unusual discharge to seek imaging evaluations (Sawant, 2025).

The evolution of breast imaging technologies, including FFDM and high-resolution ultrasound, plays a critical role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. By debunking these myths, health professionals aim to empower individuals with the knowledge necessary to prioritize their health and pursue screenings without fear. Increasing awareness and understanding about breast cancer and its screening methods is essential for improving outcomes and saving lives.

In conclusion, advancing public knowledge about breast imaging and dispelling common myths is vital for enhancing early detection rates and overall survival outcomes. Health initiatives must continue focusing on education and awareness campaigns to encourage women and men alike to prioritize their breast health.