Study Links Distressed Births to Long-term Health Issues in Adults

A recent study conducted by professors at the University of Miami's Patti and Allan Herbert Business School has revealed a significant correlation between distressed births and subsequent health problems in adulthood. This research, published in the peer-reviewed journal *Medical Care* on July 11, 2025, delineates the impact of three specific categories of distressed births: newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), infants with low birth weights, and those born prematurely.

The study's co-authors, Professor Michael T. French, Chair of the Department of Health Management and Policy, and Professor Karoline Mortensen, Associate Director of the Miami Herbert Center for Health Management and Policy, investigated whether individuals who survived distressed births were more prone to long-term health issues compared to their peers. According to Professor French, "We were aware of literature that investigated various forms of distressed births and short-term outcomes experienced as an infant," indicating a gap in research regarding long-term implications.

To explore this hypothesis, the researchers analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health (Ad Health), which encompasses a wealth of information about individuals now in their late 30s to early 40s. Their analysis included metrics such as self-reported health status, chronic health conditions—like diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease—and mental health diagnoses. The findings highlighted that participants who had experienced distressed births exhibited a higher prevalence of these health issues than those born without complications.

"We found that all of these health outcomes were influenced by whether the individual was the survivor of a distressed birth," stated Professor French. Furthermore, the study identified a troubling trend: many distressed births involved mothers from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, often with their own health concerns. This finding underscores the intersectionality of socioeconomic status and health outcomes, adding a layer of complexity to public health discussions.

The implications of this research are substantial, particularly in the context of ongoing debates among federal and state legislators regarding publicly financed healthcare programs such as Medicaid. Professor French emphasized, "If society can either prevent or minimize distressed births, or provide assistance to new mothers and infants soon thereafter, we can perhaps avoid very expensive healthcare costs related to inpatient hospital stays and emergency room visits."

This study contributes to a growing body of literature that stresses the importance of comprehensive maternal health care and support systems for at-risk populations. The authors advocate for policies aimed at improving prenatal and postnatal care to help mitigate the long-term health risks associated with distressed births.

As policymakers consider reforms in healthcare financing and maternal health initiatives, this research offers critical insights into how early interventions could lead to healthier outcomes for future generations. With the rising costs of healthcare, addressing the root causes of distressed births could represent a proactive step towards improving public health and reducing overall healthcare expenditures.

In summary, the findings of this study reinforce the need for targeted healthcare policies that not only focus on immediate medical needs but also consider the long-term health trajectories of individuals who experience distressed births. These insights are essential for creating effective healthcare systems that prioritize both maternal and child health, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.