Study Reveals Many Older Adults Self-Prescribe Aspirin for Heart Disease Prevention

A recent study conducted by the University of Michigan has revealed that approximately one in six older adults in the United States take aspirin as their primary method for preventing cardiovascular disease, often without consulting a healthcare professional. This alarming trend raises concerns, as updated medical guidelines have shifted away from recommending aspirin for primary prevention in individuals without prior cardiovascular issues.

The findings, published in the *Journal of the American College of Cardiology* on July 2, 2025, stem from a survey of over 2,500 adults aged between 50 and 80. It was noted that nearly 25% of these participants began using aspirin without any physician recommendation, and about 8% had not discussed their usage with a healthcare provider at all. Dr. Jordan K. Schaefer, a senior author and clinical associate professor at the University of Michigan Medical School, expressed concern regarding this behavior: "For some patients without a history of cardiovascular disease, the benefits of taking aspirin for primary prevention may be offset by an increased risk of bleeding, especially as patients get older."

The study highlights a significant gap in understanding among older adults regarding the risks associated with aspirin use. While a majority believed aspirin could mitigate their heart attack risk, only 68% acknowledged its potential to increase bleeding risks. Furthermore, over 80% of respondents regarded aspirin as beneficial for their overall health, and 29% thought it could reduce dementia risk. This indicates a widespread misconception about the medication’s benefits versus its risks.

Historically, medical guidelines concerning aspirin use for heart disease prevention have evolved significantly. The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association now advise against routine primary prevention aspirin use in individuals over 70 years of age. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force similarly recommends that individuals not start aspirin for primary prevention beyond the age of 60 and consider ceasing its use around age 75. These recommendations have been informed by research that highlights the substantial bleeding risks associated with aspirin, particularly for those without prior heart conditions.

Demographic factors also played a role in aspirin usage patterns, with younger individuals (ages 50 to 69) being more than twice as likely to take aspirin for primary prevention compared to their older counterparts (ages 70 to 80). The study also found that women and individuals with household incomes exceeding $60,000 were more likely to engage in such practices.

Dr. Geoffrey Barnes, co-author of the study and an associate professor of internal medicine-cardiology at the University of Michigan Medical School, emphasized the importance of medical consultation: "Aspirin use is much more of a complex question than it once seemed, which is all the more reason why it is important to consult a health care provider when considering use. I would recommend that anyone over 40 years old talk to their provider about their risk for cardiovascular disease, with careful consideration of family and health histories."

The implications of these findings are profound, suggesting a pressing need for public health education targeting older adults regarding the risks and benefits of aspirin. As many continue to self-prescribe this medication, healthcare providers must engage in proactive discussions to ensure patients are informed about their treatment options and the potential consequences of their decisions. The study serves as a crucial reminder of the importance of medical guidance in managing health risks, particularly in a demographic that may be more vulnerable to complications associated with misinformed self-medication.

In conclusion, the increasing prevalence of self-prescribed aspirin among older adults highlights a critical public health challenge. As guidelines continue to evolve, so too must the conversation surrounding the use of preventative medications like aspirin, ensuring that patients are not only informed but also supported in making the most appropriate health decisions.