Innovative Biomaterials and Brain Research Pave Way for Future Treatments

In a groundbreaking development in biomedical research, Dr. Catalina Vallejo Giraldo, an associate professor at the University of Galway, is exploring the use of biomaterials and engineered stem cells to advance treatments for brain diseases and cancer. This research, which is supported by funding from the European Research Council and national grants, aims to enhance therapeutic efficacy for conditions such as glioblastoma and traumatic brain injuries.

Dr. Giraldo leads two primary research initiatives in her lab. The first focuses on how mechanical forces and pharmacological agents influence brain cell behavior. By cultivating brain cells in laboratory settings, researchers aim to understand their responses under various conditions, which is crucial for developing effective treatments for brain injuries.

The second initiative centers around a novel approach termed 'TrapKill,' a biomaterial designed to be deployed post-surgery in brain cancer patients. According to Dr. Giraldo, this hydrogel contains three-dimensional channels that can trap and compress cancer cells, thereby rendering them more susceptible to standard treatments like radiation and chemotherapy. The ultimate goal of this innovative strategy is to improve patient outcomes following the removal of tumors, particularly aggressive ones like glioblastoma.

Dr. Giraldo's research also involves the cultivation of 'brains in a dish.' By programming commercially available stem cells to develop into cortical brain regions, the project aims to investigate cellular responses to external forces and interactions among different brain cell types. Her findings indicate that combining cells from various brain regions accelerates the development of astrocytes, which are critical for numerous brain functions. This work not only advances the understanding of brain architecture but also holds potential for insights into neurodegenerative diseases and other conditions affecting brain function.

The inspiration for Dr. Giraldo's research journey stemmed from her upbringing in Medellín, Colombia, where her parents’ careers in pharmaceuticals and bacteriology sparked her interest in science. She obtained her Ph.D. from the University of Galway and has since returned to establish her lab at Cúram, the Research Centre for Medical Devices in Ireland.

Despite the demanding nature of her work, Dr. Giraldo remains passionate about her research. She emphasizes the importance of developing better treatments for patients suffering from cancer and neurological disorders, stating, “I see so many people now who are living with cancer and brain diseases, and these are areas where we need research for even better treatments. This keeps me going.”

Beyond her rigorous scientific endeavors, Dr. Giraldo finds balance through activities such as reformer Pilates, painting, and nurturing her plants, which provide a much-needed respite from her intensive research schedule. As the field of biomedical engineering evolves, Dr. Giraldo’s contributions may significantly impact the future of healthcare, offering new hope for patients facing complex medical challenges.