Ocean Acidification: The Overlooked Crisis Threatening Marine Ecosystems

Ocean acidification, often labeled the 'evil twin' of climate change, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems worldwide. Recent studies indicate that the pH levels of oceans are declining at an alarming rate, impacting the health of marine species and ecosystems. According to Professor James Fishwick, head of marine technology at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), the implications of this phenomenon are profound, yet the issue is frequently overlooked by policymakers.

The underlying cause of ocean acidification is the absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) by ocean waters, leading to a chemical reaction that decreases seawater pH levels. A collaborative study conducted by PML, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and Cimers at Oregon State University revealed that the rate of acidification is accelerating more rapidly than previously anticipated (Bachelor, 2025).

In regions such as the northwest coast of the United States, the effects of acidification have been particularly devastating. Prof. Helen Findlay of PML explains that in 2010, the oyster farming industry on the west coast nearly collapsed due to the influx of acidified water, which hindered the development of oyster larvae. This incident led hatcheries to install pH sensors and implement measures to control water acidity (Findlay, 2025).

The biological impacts of ocean acidification are subtle and often delayed, making them difficult to observe in the short term. Prof. Steve Widdicombe, director of science at PML, notes that differentiating the impacts of acidification from other stressors, such as temperature and pollution, complicates the narrative around its urgency (Widdicombe, 2025).

Despite the scientific consensus on the need for action, ocean acidification remains a low priority on many national and international agendas. Jessie Turner, executive director of the Ocean Acidification Alliance, emphasizes that while geoengineering solutions are being explored, the primary focus should remain on reducing carbon emissions. She warns of the risk that an emphasis on technological fixes could overshadow the need for immediate action to lower CO2 levels (Turner, 2025).

International agreements, such as the Global Biodiversity Framework, mandate that nations address ocean acidification. However, the lack of resources and political will has resulted in slow progress. As marine scientists continue to advocate for urgent action, the upcoming UN ocean conference in France presents an opportunity for global leaders to prioritize this critical issue on their agendas (Ocean Acidification Alliance, 2025).

The future of marine ecosystems hangs in the balance as pH levels continue to decline. Without concerted efforts to combat CO2 emissions and mitigate the effects of acidification, the health of our oceans will increasingly be at risk. The time to act is now, as the consequences of inaction could be irreversible for marine biodiversity and the livelihoods dependent on healthy ocean systems.