Historic Discovery: First Live Sighting of Antarctic Squid Captured

In a groundbreaking achievement for marine biology, researchers aboard the R/V Falkor (too) have documented the first live sighting of the Antarctic squid, Gonatus antarcticus, during the National Geographic and Rolex Perpetual Planet Expedition in the Southern Ocean. This significant event occurred on December 25, 2023, as the research vessel's remotely operated vehicle, SuBastian, captured footage of the three-foot-long squid at a staggering depth of approximately 2,152 meters in the Weddell Sea.

The Gonatus antarcticus, previously known only from carcasses and beaks found in the stomachs of predatory marine animals, showcased remarkable features during its brief appearance. According to Dr. Kathrin Bolstad, a squid expert and marine biologist involved in the expedition, the large central hook observed on each tentacle club was instrumental in confirming the species identification. Notably, the footage revealed the squid to be in good health, with scratches and sucker marks indicating its recent interactions with other marine life.

The discovery highlights the vast and largely unexplored regions of the Southern Ocean, emphasizing the need for continued research into these critical ecosystems. As Dr. Manuel Novillo, an ecophysiologist and expedition team member, noted, the sighting underscores how much remains to be understood about polar marine environments.

This expedition, which mapped several unexplored sites within the Southern Ocean, aimed to evaluate the effects of climate change on marine habitats, including abyssal plains, hydrothermal vents, and sea ice zones. Conducted in partnership with the Schmidt Ocean Institute, the mission utilized advanced technological tools to gather sediment, water, and biological samples, enhancing understanding of the Southern Ocean's ecological health.

The findings will be featured in an upcoming National Geographic documentary, furthering public awareness of the unique biodiversity and environmental challenges facing this region. The Weddell Sea is recognized as one of the few near-pristine marine ecosystems on the planet, making the expedition's efforts to document and protect it crucial.

As climate change continues to impact oceanic environments, the insights gained from this expedition will be invaluable for scientists and policymakers alike. The discovery of the Gonatus antarcticus not only enriches the scientific community's understanding of deep-sea life but also serves as a reminder of the urgent need for marine conservation efforts in areas vulnerable to ecological disruption.