Innovative 2D Lattice Enhances Longevity of Zinc-Ion Batteries

In a significant advancement for energy storage technologies, scientists from the National Graphene Institute at The University of Manchester and the University of Technology Sydney have developed a pioneering method to enhance the lifespan of zinc-ion batteries. This breakthrough, detailed in the study published in *Nature Communications* on June 16, 2025, introduces a two-dimensional (2D) manganese-oxide/graphene superlattice that effectively improves battery performance, offering a safer and more sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries.

The research team, led by Professor Guoxiu Wang from the University of Technology Sydney and a Royal Society Wolfson visiting Fellow at The University of Manchester, focused on a phenomenon known as the Cooperative Jahn-Teller Effect (CJTE). By creating a specific 1:1 ratio of manganese ions (Mn³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺) within a layered 2D structure on graphene, the researchers induced a coordinated lattice distortion that generates long-range, uniform strain throughout the material. This innovative approach significantly enhances the structural stability of the battery's cathode, enabling it to withstand over 5,000 charge-discharge cycles—approximately 50% longer than existing zinc-ion batteries.

Professor Rahul Nair, co-corresponding author from The University of Manchester, emphasized the importance of this research, stating, "Our findings open a new frontier in strain engineering for 2D materials. By utilizing the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect, we have demonstrated the potential to fine-tune the magnetic, mechanical, and optical properties of materials in unprecedented ways."

Zinc-ion batteries have garnered attention as promising candidates for stationary energy storage solutions, particularly for storing renewable energy in residential, commercial, and grid applications. However, their limited lifespan has previously hindered broader adoption. This recent study addresses this limitation by demonstrating how atomic-level chemical control can enhance battery durability, thus paving the way for more practical applications in energy storage.

Additionally, the synthesis process employed in this research utilizes water-based methods that avoid toxic solvents and extreme temperatures, making the production of zinc-ion batteries more sustainable and scalable. This aligns with global efforts to transition towards greener energy solutions.

The National Graphene Institute, known for its cutting-edge research in graphene and 2D materials, plays a crucial role in advancing these technologies. Established at The University of Manchester, where graphene was first isolated in 2004 by Professors Sir Andre Geim and Sir Kostya Novoselov, the institute is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities that support transformative discoveries in various fields, including energy storage and nanotechnology.

The implications of this research are profound, as enhanced zinc-ion batteries could facilitate the adoption of renewable energy systems, contributing to global efforts to combat climate change. As the demand for efficient energy storage solutions grows, innovations like this may play a pivotal role in shaping the future of energy technology.

In conclusion, the development of a 2D manganese-oxide/graphene superlattice marks a significant milestone in battery technology, providing a viable path towards longer-lasting, safer, and more sustainable energy storage solutions. With ongoing research and development, the potential for widespread application of zinc-ion batteries appears promising, signaling a critical step forward in the quest for sustainable energy solutions.